Abstract:
Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM), one of the Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is a major
cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is increasingly becoming an important public health
concern. This study examined the prevalence, control and risk factors associated with DM2 among
adults in the Hohoe Municipality.
Methods: This was a hospital-based case control study that involved 70 cases and 140 controls
Data was collected using a face-to-face interview with structured questionnaires. Blood pressure,
fasting blood glucose and anthropometric indices were measured with appropriate instruments
following standard procedures. Differences in means were determined using t-test. The Chi-square
test and the conditional logistic regression model were used to determine association and the
strength of the association between independent categorical variables and DM2 respectively.
Results: Uncontrolled diabetes among cases was 78.6%. Prevalence of hypertension among
cases was higher (64.3%) than in controls (60.0%). Adults with overweight and obesity were 13.03
and 12.81 times more likely to develop diabetes (AOR=13.02, p=0.011) and (AOR=12.81,
p=0.015) respectively. Civil servants were 0.15 times less likely to have diabetes (AOR=0.15,
0.048). Adults who recently tested their blood glucose, or current/ex-smokers were 12.03 and
12.88 times more likely to develop diabetes (OR=12.03, p<0.001) and (OR=12.88, p=0.037)
respectively.
Conclusion: One out of 5 diabetics could not control their blood glucose levels. Six out of 10
diabetics had hypertension. Recent testing of blood sugar, overweight and obesity, smoking and
occupation were factors found to be associated with diabetes in the Hohoe Municipality.
