The Utility Value Of Ultrasound As An Investigative Tool In Colloid And Malignant Thyroid Disorders

Abstract

Although the diagnosis of cancer can only be confirmed by histology, other diagnostic modalities such as ultrasonography, which is cheap and readily available, can be used as alternatives particularly where histology is not readily available. This study was carried out to assess the usefulness or otherwise, of some ultrasonographic appearances in predicting certain thyroid pathologies including cancer. Ultrasound of thyroid masses was carried out with appropriate positioning in patients with neck swellings, referred to the radiology department, using either 3.5 or 5 MHz linear or sector probe. The histologic diagnosis was obtained for comparison where available. Using histology as gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound appearance in diagnosing thyroid malignancy are 0% and 0% respectively. There was significant discordance between histological diagnosis and ultrasonographic appearances in benign thyroid disorders using established criteria. The utility value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid diseases is however found to be limited , given its low sensitivity and specificity at the available power range (3.5 or 5.0MHz) in this centre.