Abstract:
The burden of HIV and cervical cancer is concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa. Women with HIV are more
likely to have persistent HPV infection leading to cervical abnormalities and cancer. Cervical cancer screening seems to
be the single most critical intervention in any efforts to prevent cervical cancer. The purpose of this study was to
determine the socio-demographic factors influencing intention to seek cervical cancer screening by HIV-positive
women in the Central Region of Ghana.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving a convenience sample of 660 HIV-positive women aged
20 to 65 years receiving antiretroviral therapy in HIV care centres in the Central Region of Ghana was conducted
using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data were summarised and analysed using frequencies,
percentages and binary logistic regression.
Results: The study revealed that 82.0% of HIV-positive women intended to obtain cervical cancer screening. Level of
education was a determinant of cervical cancer screening intention. HIV-positive women with low levels of education
were 2.67 times (95% CI, 1.61–4.42) more likely to have intention to screen than those with no formal education. Those
with high levels of education were 3.16 times (95% CI, 1.42–7.02) more likely to have intention to screen than those
with no formal education. However, age, religion, marital status, employment status, and ability to afford the cost of
cervical cancer screening were not determinants of intention to screen.
Conclusions: Education of women of all ages needs to be a priority, as it could enable them to adopt appropriate health
behaviours and engage in cervical cancer screening. Additionally, interventions to improve understanding of
cervical cancer screening among HIV-positive women are highly recommended. These include health education
about the disease and availability of screening options in HIV/AIDS care centres.
