Abstract:
Coastal lagoons globally suffer from persistent environmental
degradation due to myriad anthropogenic and natural factors. Hence
management of lagoons is most effective when it is based on a sound scientific
understanding of the causes such as the distribution of physico-chemical and
biodiversity parameters. Using Fosu and Essei Lagoons in Ghana as a case,
this study investigated the changing dynamics of coastal lagoons in the central
employed to assess the
ecological status of the lagoons, using results of field investigations,
stakeholder in-depth interviews, laboratory analyses, GIS and remote sensing
techniques. The results revealed a wide range of factors affecting the changing
dynamics of the physical features of the Fosu and the Essei Lagoons. Natural
and anthropogenic factors included sewage discharges from domestic and
industrial areas, urban surface and agricultural run-offs and from the action of
sea waves and tides. There were also over-laps in the management of the
lagoons. A bottom-up approach to coastal lagoons management in Ghana has
therefore been recommended. Traditional authorities have been given the
power to regulate or manage water resources in collaboration with other
stakeholders. In this case, scientific knowledge and local knowledge should be
applied simultaneously or synergistically to ensure sustainable use and
management of the lagoons.
