Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects 3–7 % of patients admitted to the hospital and approximately 25–30 % of patients in the intensive care unit. RIFLE, a newly developed international consensus classification for ...

Introduction: Comorbidities among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) increases with disease severity. This may be attributed to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) toxicity and HIV/AIDS-related infections. Aim: ...