Abstract:
In this work, the underlying mechanisms in coastal wetlands were
examined in relation to the long-term mangroves’ response to
anthropogenic activities and sea level rise. Geographic information
systems and dynamic modeling methodologies were used. The
complexity of mangroves makes it difficult to assess mangrove forests
in tropical coastal locations using simply passive remote sensing
techniques. In order to overcome these difficulties, a unique GIS method
called GEE that combines optical satellite imagery and synthetic
aperture radar was introduced. The effect of tidal currents on the
mangrove ecosystem was investigated using a process-based model.
Three model scenarios of 100 tidal cycle each were run, with three
variables consisting of no sea level rise (constant), low sea level rise (0.3
m), and extremely high sea level rise (2.5 m). The findings indicate that
between 2009 and 2019, the area of the mangroves decreased by roughly
16.9%. Overall accuracy of 99.1%, 84.6%, and 98.9% were recorded for three
scenarios of 2019 classification. Mangrove height and AGB show that in
year 2000, height and AGB range from 2.0 to 12.7 m and 0 - 368 mg ha-1,
respectively, while in 2020, height and AGB ranged from 2.0 - 6.3 m and 0
– 88 mg ha-1 respectively. The dynamic modeling results show that the
relative hydro-period for the scenarios "no sea level rise (constant)”, "low
sea level rise (0.3 m)" and "extremely high sea level rise (2.5 m)" was
64%, 65% and 71%, respectively
