Disaster Risk Reduction In Development Planning Processes Of Greater Kumasi Area In Ghana

Abstract

The study evaluated the disaster risk planning practices of selected Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Assemblies (MMDAs) in the Greater Kumasi Area of Ghana. It employed action research using a mixed research approach. The participants included officials from various disaster response institutions, MMDAs, traditional authorities, assembly members, and community dwellers. In total, 427 respondents, including 399 households and 28 key informants, were involved in the study. The study gathered primary data through the use of questionnaires and interview guides. Secondary data was also collected from policy documents, laws, and plans related to disaster management. The quantitative data underwent descriptive and inferential analysis using SPSS software, while the qualitative data were transcribed, coded, and analysed thematically. The study's findings highlighted that integrating disaster risk reduction (DRR) into the development planning process was ineffective. Although households demonstrated awareness of the risks, their involvement in planning was insufficient. There were gaps and role conflicts among the disaster response institutions. The capacity of various institutions to implement DRR was hindered by limited resources, inadequate staff and skills, and insufficient funding. The study recommends that the Disaster and Emergency Management Committees of the MMDAs ensure the inclusion of participatory processes in development planning. It also suggests revitalising community-based disaster volunteer groups and clubs and establishing effective coordination mechanisms among disaster response institutions.