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Xylopic Acid-Amodiaquine and Xylopic Acid-Artesunate Combinations are Effective in Managing Malaria in Plasmodium Berghei-infected Mice.

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dc.contributor.author Osei, Silas Acheampong
dc.contributor.author Biney, Robert Peter
dc.contributor.author Obese, Ernest
dc.contributor.author Agbenyeku, Mary Atta-Panyi
dc.contributor.author Attah, Isaac Yaw
dc.contributor.author Ameyaw, Elvis Ofori
dc.contributor.author Boampong, Johnson Nyarko
dc.date.accessioned 2023-10-23T12:58:22Z
dc.date.available 2023-10-23T12:58:22Z
dc.date.issued 2020
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/9861
dc.description.abstract Background: Evidence of plasmodium resistance to some of the current antimalarial agents makes it imperative to search for newer and effective drugs to combat malaria. Therefore, this study evaluated whether the co-administrations of xylopic acid-amodiaquine and xylopic acidartesunate combinations will produce synergistic antimalarial effect. Methods: Antiplasmodial effect of xylopic acid (XA: 3, 10, 30, 100, 150 mg kg-1), artesunate (ART: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 mg kg-1), and amodiaquine (AQ: 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg kg-1) were evaluated in Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected mice to determine respective ED50s. Artemether/lumefantrine (AL: 1.14/6.9) p.o. was used as the positive control. XA/ART and XA/AQ were subsequently administered in a fixed-dose combination of their ED50s (1:1) and the combination fractions of their ED50s (1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, and 1/32) to determine the experimental ED50s (Zexp). An isobologram was constructed to determine the nature of the interaction between XA/ART, and XA/AQ combinations by comparing Zexp with the theoretical ED50 (Zadd). Body weight and 30-day survival post-treatment were additionally recorded. Results: ED50s for XA, ART, and AQ were 9.0 ± 3.2, 1.61 ± 0.6, and 3.1 ± 0.8 mg kg-1 respectively. The Zadd, Zexp and interaction index for XA/ART co-administration was 5.3 ± 2.61, 1.98 ± 0.25 and 0.37, respectively while that of XA/AQ were 6.05 ± 2.0, 1.69 ± 0.42, and 0.28 respectively. The Zexp for both combination therapies lay significantly (p<0.001) below the additive isoboles showing XA acts synergistically with both ART and AQ in clearing the parasites. High doses of XA/ART combination significantly (p<0.05) increased the survival days of infected mice with a mean hazard ratio of 0.40 while all the XA/AQ combination doses showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in the survival days of infected mice with a mean hazard ratio of 0.27 similar to AL. Both XA/ART and XA/AQ combined treatments significantly (p<0.05) reduced weight loss. Conclusion: Xylopic acid co-administration with either artesunate or amodiaquine produces a synergistic anti-plasmodial effect in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.subject Antimalarial drugs en_US
dc.subject Combination therapies en_US
dc.subject Isobolographic analysis en_US
dc.subject Xylopic acid en_US
dc.subject Artesunate en_US
dc.subject Amodiaquine en_US
dc.subject Amodiaquine en_US
dc.subject Synergism en_US
dc.subject Plamsodium berghei en_US
dc.title Xylopic Acid-Amodiaquine and Xylopic Acid-Artesunate Combinations are Effective in Managing Malaria in Plasmodium Berghei-infected Mice. en_US
dc.type Article en_US


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