Job stress, psychological well-being and job performance of employees in 3-5 star-rated hotels in the Accra metropolis, Ghana

Abstract

Job stress and its related effects have serious economic, health, psychological and performance implications for individuals, organisations and countries globally. Several studies have assessed the effects of job stress on coping strategies, psychological well-being and job performance. However, little is known about the effects of job stress on psychological well-being and job performance in the hospitality industry. Therefore, the study sought to assess the effects of job stress on the psychological well-being and job performance of employees of 3-5 star rated hotels in the Accra Metropolis, Ghana. The explanatory sequential mixed methods approach was adopted for this study. A total of 311 hotel employees were surveyed and 14 were interviewed. The surveyed data were analysed using ANOVA, T-test, linear regression and Structural Equation Modelling, whereas the interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. It was found that some employees experience job stress and their experiences differed based on demographic and work characteristics such as education, marital status, star-rating and departments. The study further revealed that there were statistically significant positive relationships between employees’ coping strategy and job performance, coping strategy and psychological well-being, job stress and coping strategy, and job stress and psychological well-being. It was also revealed that coping strategies and psychological well-being positively moderate the effect of job stress on job performance. In view of this, management of star-rated hotels should organise job stress management training and encourage communication to promote employees’ job performance.