Abstract:
Aim: To determine the relationship between some visual functions: colour vision defects,
abnormal stereopsis, visual acuity and the occurrence of road traffic accident (RTAs) among
commercial vehicle drivers in the central region of Ghana, and to assess their knowledge of
these anomalies.
Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study employing a multi-stage random sampling approach
was conducted in the major commercial towns within the central region of Ghana. Participants
were taken through a comprehensive eye examination after the administration of a structured
questionnaire.
Results: 520 male commercial vehicle drivers were enrolled for this study with a mean age
of 39.23 years
±10.96 years and mean visual acuity of 0.02
±
0.08 logMAR. Protans were more
likely to be involved in RTAs ( 2 = 6.194, p = 0.034). However, there was no statistically significant
association between abnormal stereopsis (OR = 0.89 95% CI: 0.44---1.80, p = 0.56), poor vision due
to refractive error ( 2 = 3.090, p = 0.388) and the occurrence of RTAs. While 86.9% were aware
of abnormal stereopsis, only 45% were aware of colour vision defects. There was a statistically
significant association between stereopsis anomaly and colour vision defect (r = 0.371,
p < 0.005).
Conclusion: The study found an association between protanopia and RTAs but none between
stereopsis anomalies, refractive errors and the occurrence of RTAs. Drivers were less knowledgeable
on colour vision defects as compared to stereopsis anomalies.
