Effect of Reheated Oil on Serum Lipid and Histological Changes of the Liver of Sprague-Dawley Rats and Possible Treatment with Vernonia Amygdalina

Abstract

Background: Vernoniaamygdalina belongs to the family Asterecae. It contain an active components or phytochemicals that can lead to liver regenerations in hepatotoxicity in hepatoxicity.The effect of ingestion of heated and reheated sunflower oil on lipid and histological alterations and the effectiveness treatment with methanolic extract of Vernoniaamygdalina leaves was investigated with Sprague dawley rats. Method: The rats were divided into 4 groups, the first group fed with fresh sunflower oil, the second group fed with heated sunflower oil, the third group fed with reheated sunflower oil and the fourth group fed with only rat chow for 30 days. The rats were grouped into two, based on the dose of Vernoniaamygdalina administered that is low dose group (50mg/kg) and high dose group (250mg/kg). Result: There was hyperdyslipedemia in rats feed with heated and reheated sunflower oil with the amount of cholesterol to be 11.7mmol/Land 14.6mmol/L respectively. The amount of cholesterol was significant with p-value of 0.006 compared with the control group. The amount of triglyceride was also high for both heated and reheated oil with the amount of 8.8mmol/L and 9.0mmol/L respectively which was statistically significant compared with the control group (p-value- 0.005).The histological study of the liver showed severe degeneration of the hepatocytes, severe accumulation of fats, disruption and constriction of the sinusoids, destruction of kupffer cells and necrosis of the hepatocytes. Conclusion: After the treatment with the extract, these conditions were still present in the fresh, reheated and heated induced liver treated with the low dose of the extract.