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Cluster randomised trial of Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants in area of high, seasonal transmission in Ghana

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dc.contributor.author Chandramohan, Daniel
dc.contributor.author Owusu-Agyei, Seth
dc.contributor.author Carneiro, Ilona
dc.contributor.author Awine, Timothy
dc.contributor.author Amponsa-Achiano, Kwame
dc.contributor.author Mensah, Nathan
dc.contributor.author Jaffar, Shabbar
dc.contributor.author Baiden, Rita
dc.contributor.author Hodgson, Abraham
dc.contributor.author Binka, Fred
dc.contributor.author Greenwood, Brian
dc.date.accessioned 2023-10-05T11:01:31Z
dc.date.available 2023-10-05T11:01:31Z
dc.date.issued 2005-10
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/9054
dc.description.abstract Objective To evaluate the effects of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants (IPTi) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in an area of intense, seasonal transmission. Design Cluster randomised placebo controlled trial, with 96 clusters allocated randomly to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine or placebo in blocks of eight. Interventions Children received sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine or placebo and one month of iron supplementation when they received DPT-2, DPT-3, or measles vaccinations and at 12 months of age. Main outcome measures Incidence of malaria and of anaemia determined through passive case detection. Results 89% (1103/1242) of children in the placebo group and 88% (1088/1243) in the IPTi group completed follow-up to 24 months of age. The protective efficacy of IPTi against all episodes of malaria was 24.8% (95% confidence interval 14.3% to 34.0%) up to 15 months of age. IPTi had no protective effect against malaria between 16 and 24 months of age (protective efficacy –4.9%, − 21.3% to 9.3%). The incidence of high parasite density malaria ( ≥ 5000 parasites/ l) was higher in the IPTi group than in the placebo group between 16 and 24 months of age (protective efficacy − 19.5%, − 39.8% to − 2.2%). IPTi reduced hospital admissions with anaemia by 35.1% (10.5% to 52.9%) up to 15 months of age. IPTi had no significant effect on anaemia between 16 and 24 months of age (protective efficacy − 6.4%, − 76.8% to 35.9%). The relative risk of death up to 15 months of age in the IPTi group was 1.26 (95% confidence interval 0.81 to 1.96; P = 0.31), and from 16 to 24 months it was 1.28 (0.77 to 2.14; P = 0.35). Conclusions Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine can reduce malaria and anaemia in infants even in seasonal, high transmission areas, but concern exists about possible en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher BJM en_US
dc.title Cluster randomised trial of Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants in area of high, seasonal transmission in Ghana en_US
dc.type Article en_US


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