Abstract:
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major global health problem. CKD is one of the most common
complications of diabetes mellitus and hypertension and carries a risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and
progression to end-stage kidney disease.
Objectives: This study sought to use the 2012 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definitions to
establish the prevalence and risk factors for CKD among a high risk population in the Sekondi-Takoradi metropolis.
Design: Cross sectional study.
Setting: Effia-Nkwanta regional and the Takoradi Government hospitals in South Western Ghana.
Patients: Two hundred eight consecutive adults with diabetes, hypertension or both.
Measurements: Serum creatinine and urine albumin-creatinine ratio respectively. The Chronic Kidney Disease
Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) was used to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Methods: CKD was classified according to KDIGO.
Results: The prevalence of CKD was 30 %: 27 % in patients with diabetes, 22 % in patients with hypertension only
and 74 % in patients with both diabetes and hypertension. GFR category G3a CKD was most prevalent stage (9 %).
Albuminuria was highest among people with diabetes (39 %).
Limitations: A convenience sample of patients attending clinics.
Conclusion: CKD was prevalent in these high-risk patients.
