Technology-organisation-environment framework and e-commerce adoption of small businesses in Takoradi during the covid-19 era

Abstract

This study delves into the intricate interplay of technological, organizational, and environmental (TOE) factors in shaping the adoption of electronic commerce (e-commerce) among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) during the Covid-19 pandemic within the Takoradi metropolis. Through a primary data collection method, the study draws insight from 428 SMEs sampled using a convenient sampling technique. The data collection employed close-ended self-administered questionnaires comprising 45 items, while research method followed explanatory and quantitative approaches. Descriptive characteristics were analysed utilizing SPSS version 26, while the study employed partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the impact of perceived desirability in technological factors, organization's readiness in organisational factors, and competitive pressures along with government support in environmental factors on the adoption of ecommerce by SMEs. The results showed a statistically significant and positive relationship between perceived desirability, competitive pressures, government support, organisation's readiness, and the adoption of ecommerce. These findings advocate for proactive management strategies hinging on government support and the adaptability of organizations to leverage the potential of e-commerce adoption. As SMEs strive to navigate the dynamic and competitive contemporary business landscape, strategic implementation of e-commerce becomes instrumental in ensuring business continuity and growth. Policymakers and governmental bodies should proactively formulate and implement policies that foster a conducive environment for e-commerce adoption among SMEs.